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Despite the existing problems, the formation of integrative trade and economic, currency, customs and political associations still remains one of the main tendencies of the world development. Economic integration of five CIS countries - Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan - continues in a format of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). This article describes the stages of the development of integration processes, since the creation of the Union State of Russia and Belarus and formation of EEU.
Special attention is paid to the need of coordination of actions of association’s participants in the key directions defining competitiveness of economies. The article is devoted to the analysis of the provisions of the two International Covenants on Human Rights, which establish the obligations of their States parties in the form of taking measures to ensure the status of these international acts in the national legal system and their applicability in the national courts.
The article also analyses the clarifications on this issue given by the relevant two committees (Human Rights Committee and Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) in their general comments. The paper considers the existing approach to the above raised issue realized in Great Britain and the USA belonging to the Anglo-Saxon legal system. Protection of indigenous rights is one of the main trends of the international system of human protection. In order to address particular attention to the rights of indigenous peoples at international level The Declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples in 2007 was adopted.
From that moment, the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples became an international matter, in Africa as well. That has fostered new mechanisms and instruments in that field. The decision of the African Court on human and peoples’ rights in the case “African Commission on human and peoples’ rights v. Republic of Kenya” confirms this thesis. The Ottawa Declaration lists the following countries as Member of the Arctic Council: Canada, the Kingdom of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden and the United States. Of the eight Arctic states only Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Norway, the Russian Federation and the United States have coastal frontage in the Arctic Ocean. French international legal doctrine analyses the legal positions of these states regarding the Arctic region.
This article is about the French doctrine concerning the legal position of the Russian Federation on the Arctic region. The problem of protecting children from violence is becoming increasingly urgent due to the rapid development of information and communication technologies.
As a vulnerable group, children are increasingly exposed to violence through the global Internet, which makes it necessary to take measures on the part of states that respond to the degree of threat and cover all possible areas of the fight against this phenomenon. The international legal instruments include: the conclusion of multilateral universal and regional international treaties, the establishment of control mechanisms, mechanisms for the exchange of technologies, experience and 'best practices' in combating violence against children. Cross-border marriages are no longer a rare phenomenon in the 21st century and, therefore, they give rise to the need to form legal mechanisms for the protection of children born in such families. In 2011, the Russian Federation acceded to the Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, adopted on October 25, 1980 by the Hague Conference on Private International Law, which aims to protect the rights of children in the context of their parents’ conflict and, in general, to protect the rights of children. The main issues that are in the focus of this international treaty cover aspects of the wrongful removal of children from one state to another, or the retention of children in a state that is not their permanent (habitual – in the 1980 Convention terminology) residence, as well as the resolution of custody issues in regard to the children.
The Russian Federation, having assumed obligations under the Hague Convention, amended the existing legislation, and also developed a mechanism for the practical implementation of the provisions of this Convention. The totality of international technical and legal standards, maritime customs and good maritime practices enshrined in the conventions complement each other, ensuring, when observed, a high degree of safety of navigation. It is advisable to put the question of formalizing good marine practice not in the form of its inclusion in a special convention or in the framework of a law, but rather in the implementation of 'soft' regulation with a possible and specific for such regulation codification. A set of international legal standards and good practice is sufficient to ensure any kind of navigation, and therefore there is no need for special standards for group navigation of fishing vessels.
The study begins with a summary of current statistics reflecting the real number of crimes related to cybercrime and criminal acts against minors. Such concepts as “cyberbulling”, “grooming”, “trolling”, “cyberstalking” and “slander” are described, as well as their legal characteristics based on an analysis of the regulatory and legal framework of India.
The author comes to the conclusion that most of the newly introduced terms that characterize various types of cyber cross-appeals against the person, including the person of the minor, are not directly enshrined in the law. However, Indian law makes it possible to draw an analogy with already existing categories of crimes. The article deals with the issue of state-legal regulation of the order of interaction between the state and religious organizations in the Scandinavian countries. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of correlation between the constitutional and legal regulation of the status of religious organizations and their actual position and a role in the activities of the state. Besides, the article is devoted to Sweden as a state that is officially proclaimed to be secular and separated from any religious associations, but in fact, it legally supports certain religious associations. Based on the letters of contemporaries, as well as on the views on the essence of the conflict between the North and the South of the leading politicians and historians of the time, an attempt was made to reevaluate the events that in the traditional legal and historical sciences are called the Civil War. The author substantiates the revolutionary nature of the events that took place in the United States in 1861-1865.
Of revolutionary nature were both socio-political, economic and legal consequences of the war. The purpose of this article is the finding and suggestion of solutions to the problems that arise in the procedure of rehabilitation and restoration of the good name of the victims of Stalinist repressions. The choice of the topic is explained by the fact that the private law doctrine of personal rights has been developed in our country as an answer to the social challenges that came with the need to protect the personal rights of the victims of the Stalinist repressions.
Thus, the author proceeds from the premise that the Stalinist repressions, or more precisely the problems of overcoming its consequences, have become the ethical basis of the doctrine of personal rights (in the European literature the Holocaust is considered to be a similar historical event.). If the theoretical significance of this research is the further development and improvement of the doctrine of personal rights, then from the practical point of view, it is important to show that the rehabilitation of the victims of the Stalinist repressions presupposes not only formal abolition of the unjust sentences of that era, but also it brings to the publicity the real circumstances of each such case, a detailed description of the violations of the law committed by the investigating authorities and the courts in the 1930s. The article deals with the key aspects of the activities of the city government of the Yenisei province in the field of health, in the context of the counter-reform of Alexander III. The topical issues of financial and budgetary policy of municipalities in the implementation of the rights of citizens to medical care in the period under review are highlighted. The directions of interaction and cooperation of the city authorities and public organizations in the management of charitable activity of the society in order to solve the problems of financial support of social projects in the field of health care are analyzed. The article investigates the integrative potential of the Constitution. It is determined that the potential of the integrative function of the Constitution is significantly increased if it contains program, target provisions, and in the context of globalization it is necessary to reveal and constantly develop its legal potential, which will have a universal integrative effect on all types of social relations, ensuring their orderly generalization and interaction.
Within the country, the Constitution is a key factor in ensuring social harmony and socio-political stability, the Constitution as the Basic Law simultaneously performs the most important socio-integrative function, and in the international arena is the most important factor in supporting and strengthening national identity, due to the historical, socio-cultural and geopolitical features of the development of the state. The article is devoted to the research of the Institute of the Public chamber of the Russian Federation as a body of public representation standing on guard of protection of significant public interests in the mechanism of interaction of civil society institutions and public authorities. The author comes to the conclusion that the public chamber is called to protect socially significant interests, as they represent a common interest of society, which has the content of the need of subjects, which has a common social character and manifests itself in the implementation of their common goal, to achieve the individual benefit for each individual subject through the achievement of the common good for society. The article deals with the problems of disclosing the idea of equality and justice through legal principles and institutions as universal ideals. The author proceeds from the proposition that equality and justice are the basic ideas of society, determined in time, determined by the ideological, national, religious, philosophical environment, legal mentality, sociocultural features and universal phenomena, which concentrate on the law, act as general legal principles. The article presents the arguments in favor of the interpretation of justice as a value-normative principle of streamlining reality in its relation to law. The research methodology consists in a comparative analysis of the evolution of the ideals of equality and justice in different legal families and systems.
The author defends the idea that the category of justice gains legal authority as a result of its constitutional interpretation as a universal phenomenon, value-normative principle, fundamental idea. The concept of outdoor advertising, which is not clearly defined in the law, remains unclear in doctrinal terms. At the same time, the subject of sluggish (as opposed to economic sciences) discussion in the legal literature is mainly questions of legal regulation of technical issues of advertising design, tenders, the procedure for issuing necessary permits and liability for improper placement (design) of outdoor advertising. Among the main problems of legal regulation of outdoor advertising are the absence of its precise legal definition, the complexity of coordinating public and private legal interests, the presence of high corruption risks, the task of preventing the growth of the shadow and gray sectors in the production and placement of outdoor advertising. Author focuses on current application of exclusivity provision in economic activity, covering all types of exclusivity: exclusive dealing and exclusive dealership, territory exclusivity.
Economic reasoning for exclusivity provision application used by companies is subject to the analysis together with approach of antitrust authorities to the same provisions. Upon results of the analysis author comes to conclusion that industry actors no longer apply exclusivity in straightforward mode, still they use mitigated wordings and internal mechanisms to secure their economic interest, which still do not mitigate antimonopoly risks. More than two decades of application of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation have shown its adequacy to the market economy developed in Russia.
At the same time, during the transition to an information (digital) economy, with the development of globalization processes, legal systems convergence, implementation of the course on modernization and innovative development in the context of global challenges and rigid politically-motivated external restrictions (sanctions), discrepancies between the norms began Of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and rapidly developing socio-economic institutions, judicial practice. This is especially true of the legal status of entrepreneurs who are capable and designed to ensure the innovative nature of the development of the Russian economy. In terms of social significance, a special place among the various forms of social relations is given to labor relations in the field of collective and contractual regulation. The concept of social partnership involves the active use of collective agreements. Acts of social partnership traditionally include a collective agreement and an agreement. These acts contribute to the achievement of social peace, acting as a kind of guarantors of justice and equality in matters of wages, employment, social preferences in labor relations.
This article examines the contractual nature of acts of social partnership, highlights its characteristics, features, the concept of social partnership, involving the intensive use of the collective agreement and the agreement as a tool to help reduce social tensions among workers. The level of legal protection and promotion of human rights highly depends on effective rulemaking of the International Labour Organization.
The legal analysis of states’ cooperation with the ILO proves the effectiveness of Organization’s work aimed at development, adoption and application of international labour standards. This article deals with the significance of adoption of fundamental documents of the International Labour Organization. Also special attention is given to the realization of modern ILO state cooperation programs. Such a legal analysis assesses the role of ILO in protection and promotion of human labour rights. Author focuses on legal consequences of competition grow thin e-books market as a result of introduction of new devices and new distribution models.
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Being unable to resist commercial practices of Amazon publishing houses agreed to employ single distribution model to at least fight Amazon back and to ultimately force Amazon to keep prices at agreed level. To put the cartel to the practice the publishing houses made vertical agreement with Apple to serve as alternative distribution channel. Being separately legal the aggregate actions of publishing houses and Apple formed anticompetitive practice.
In the article matters of distinction between labor safety requirements violations and other crimes (when committing those crimes results in causing death of two or more persons) are analyzed. Author stresses that determination of traits of the victims and their legal status as employees (or lack of this status) is required in every case. Special emphasis is made on approaches formulated by the legislator regarding qualification of crimes connected with special rules violations.
The first approach is based on the highlighting by the legislator crimes connected with special requirements violations. Object of legal protection of those crimes is wider than social relations providing labor safety. Author comes to the conclusion that in this case the legislator uses «quantity criteria» to determine social danger of the crime. Use of this criterion excludes possibility of additional qualification of committed violations as the crime provided by the art. This article is devoted to the study of criminal punishment in the form of restriction of freedom.
It provides a criminal-legal description of the punishment in the form of restriction of freedom, provides statistical data on the appointment of punishment not related to the deprivation of freedom, but having an impact on the freedom of the individual, like the restriction of freedom. The need for scientific understanding of the problem is dictated, first of all, by the fact that the changes in the criminal code relating to this type of punishment have not yet been fully studied. The article is devoted to the problem of duplication of verification actions carried out at the stage of initiating a criminal case and the stage of preliminary investigation. The importance of the problem predetermined the appearance of a discussion about abandoning the stage of initiating criminal proceedings. The article presents ambiguous results of refusing the stage of initiating a criminal case in the CIS countries, which entailed mass production in criminal cases without prior verification and their massive cessation instead of decisions to refuse to initiate a criminal case, which were previously taken at the pretrial stage in Ukraine and increase the number of criminal cases that are in production at the investigators of Kazakhstan. The circumstances determining the possibility of granting the loan (economic stability and collateral security of the borrower) are: criminal activity in the form of documents falsification, criminal activity in the form of dramatization. Dramatization is defined as deliberate actions on the artificial change of material environment and its trace pattern.
When planning the fraud, dramatization is aimed at misleading law enforcement agencies. The recipients of dramatization at the preparatory stage are persons responsible for the decision to grant the loan. The purpose is to create false impression. The object of dramatization is the circumstances characterizing a legal entity from the perspective of creditworthiness. The varieties of dramatization are characterized: presentation of the product in larger amounts; pledge of property by person not having the rights to it; presenting inadequate collateral having the other cost. It's proved that unlike dramatization.
The article discusses the relationship of territorial characteristics of the environment and socially negative processes. Modern juvenile criminalization is progressing. Cultural contexts are important for understanding the causes of juvenile delinquency and developing appropriate cultural and ethnic measures for the prevention, correction and impact on juvenile delinquency.
The dependence of the crime rate on the type of settlement is determined. The territorial confusion of social and criminogenic elements is revealed. Effective measures to prevent juvenile crime are associated with the development of socio-political, economic, educational, professional and matrimonial programs of modern national youth policy. Prevention of juvenile crime at all levels - national, regional and local – is possible only with a general complex of effective interaction between personality, matrimoniality and society. The article deals with the problem of modern delinquency among the younger generation.
The study of various factors underlying juvenile delinquency contributes to the prevention and eradication of this phenomenon. The main internal factors of juvenile delinquency are fluctuations in emotions and a crisis of self-identity. External factors provoking the development of delinquency among young people are the imperfection of the law and state policy, social insecurity, economic crisis, family disintegration, social environment, peer group, media, ethnic subcultures, etc.Effective approaches and measures to prevent juvenile delinquency are directly related to the development of the socio-political, economic, educational, professional and matrimonial programs of modern national youth policy. The principle of publicity consists that the bodies conducting criminal trial are obliged to take within the competence all measures provided by the law to establishment of an event of crime, perpetrators and fair punishment or to prevent superficial criminal prosecution or illegal condemnation of persons and if it took place, to take measures to rehabilitation of the innocent.
Owing to the principle of publicity public authorities are obliged to take measures to ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of the victim from crime. In article an attempt to disclose essence of the principle of publicity in criminal trial was made. The article is devoted to the problems of administrative and legal relations arising in the process of execution of punishment associated with deprivation of liberty. This topic is relevant in connection with the current policy of the state aimed at democratic changes not only in relation to law-abiding citizens, but also for those who have been sentenced by the court in the form of imprisonment. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees all citizens, as well as other persons, equal rights and freedoms that apply to convicts. The article deals with topical issues related to the activities of the investigation and the court for the prevention of crimes in criminal proceedings. The author notes the lack of regulation and the lack of a legal base of criminal procedure, prevention of crime.
In this connection, in order to form a full-fledged legal model of the participation of the preliminary investigation and the court in the criminal procedure prevention of crimes, it is proposed to make additions to the current version of the criminal procedure code. The article shows the problems of the need to improve the standards in terms of persons with special legal status in order to ensure the effective functioning of law enforcement officers in curbing possible attempts to avoid criminal responsibility of a particular category of persons for criminal acts due to their special position.
The norms of chapter 52 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation have an extremely wide range of subjects. However, this chapter contains a rather narrow list of investigative actions taken against them, including the investigator.
It is proposed to develop scientifically-based recommendations for their correct and accurate application. In addition, it is necessary to improve the production of investigative and other procedural actions against certain categories of persons, including investigators. The article is devoted to the problems of applying penalties to convicts serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, namely those connected with the lack of specific instructions on the penalties imposed for a certain offense.
The article proposes to conditionally divide the offenses arising from Art. 116 of the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation and paragraph 17 of the Internal Regulations of Correctional Institutions, on 'simple' and 'malicious'. So proceeding from this division, it will be easier for the administration of the institution to determine what kind of penalty will follow for a specific offense committed by the convicted person. This in the future will have to exclude any subjective attitude when imposing penalties on the part of the administration of the institution. Also in the article, the issue concerning the recognition of a person as a malicious violator of the established order of serving a sentence is highlighted. Such changes, in our opinion, will not only help to reduce the relapse of committing offenses in correctional facilities by convicts, but also help the administration of the institution, when imposing penalties, to be guided by norms that will be based on the principles of legality and validity, excluding any subjective attitude towards a certain convicted person. This article deals with the problem of increasing the efficiency of the organization of the activities of criminal penalties.
The complexity of the organizational structure and the versatility of the activity of the MIS, the specificity of the activities of employees, necessitates the identification of the basic requirements for their personal, business and special professional qualities. It is in accordance with these requirements that professional training of employees should be organized, including when they are trained as cadets of educational institutions of the FPS of Russia. Professional orientation should be associated with positive motivation for performance and in the process of educational work in the educational organization of the FPS of Russia. This article examines the dependence of the quality of investigation of certain types of crimes on the methods of active training used in the process of conducting practical training with employees of the preliminary investigation on advanced training programs in the field of continuing professional education. It is noted that when using active methods, the students themselves, taking into account the existing knowledge and skills, perform the tasks set by the teacher, which undoubtedly has a positive effect on the level of acquired knowledge and, accordingly, on the quality of the investigation of crimes. The author analyzes the importance of the court's compliance with the established procedure of judicial notice of persons involved in the case as a legal mechanism, ensuring the right of everyone to judicial protection. The elements of comparative analysis of judicial practice and scientific research are given.
Suggestions of the interpretation and enforcement of the legal mechanism to ensure the right to a person's participation in the trial are formulated. The relevance of the topic shows the ambiguous interpretation by the court of explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, on the issue of law enforcement of the rules on the procedure for notification of participants in the case. The article reveals the basics of planning and organization of work to ensure the safety of personal data in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The author examined in detail the measures for internal and external protection of information processed, to determine the degree of protection of personal data in information systems and the level of responsibility of employees in accordance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation.
At the end of the article, an actual assessment of the effectiveness of implemented measures to protect personal information is given. In the article the attempt is made on the basis of a comprehensive comparative study of basic elements of Russian national economic system based on the methodology of persistence analysis of I. Wallerstein to substantiate the productivity of an integrated approach taking into account all determinants factors to solve the problems of describing and analyzing all levels of the national economic system of Russia and detecting the functions, values and mutual influence of traditional and innovative in its development in the conditions of multidirectional external competitive geopolitical and geo - economic actors of the global world system, taking into account global trends in the «globalization – regionalization – localization» triad. The problem of terrorism is not a new phenomenon, generated by the processes of globalization, democratization, interdependence, which as the main trends of world development influence on all issues of world politics of recent years. Terrorism was and remains a political tool in the hands of various actors, but its character has been transformed. The subject of this article is the analysis of the factors which transform the character of modern terrorism.
Taking ISIL as an example, the author describes the main features of modern terrorism. Extremists are intolerant of those citizens of Kyrgyzstan who belong to other social groups, ethnic groups and adhere to other political, legal, economic, moral, aesthetic and religious ideas. The development of extremism on the basis of radical Islam movements among the youth of Kyrgyzstan is evidence of the insufficient social adaptation of young people, the development of asocial attitudes of their consciousness, causing unlawful patterns of its behavior. The results of the study can be used to search for new, more effective forms of prevention and to improve the organization of preventive work in general. Vitushkina O.
Sistema povyshenija uchebnoj motivacii obuchajushhihsja v prepodavanii anglijskogo jazyka (iz opyta raboty otdel'noj discipliny (anglijskij jazyk) // V sbornike: Inojazychnoe obrazovanie v dovuzovskih obrazovatel'nyh organizacijah Ministerstva oborony Rossijskoj Federacii: tradicii i innovacii Materialy I nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii po aktual'nym problemam prepodavanija inostrannyh jazykov v dovuzovskih obrazovatel'nyh organizacijah Ministerstva oborony Rossijskoj Federacii. Sbornik statej.
Pod obshhej redakciej L. The article deals with the problem concerning language training at a departmental institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The author emphasizes that the training at the institute is conducted according to the programs of the specialty, bachelor’s degree and master’s degree programs.
The language training of specialists, bachelors and masters is aimed at the formation and further development of professional skills in oral monologue and dialogical speech, translation of adapted and non-adapted materials, search for professionally relevant information in a foreign language on the Internet and development of skills to work with the received information. Solovejchik M. V., Berjozkina E. Osobennosti prepodavanija inostrannogo jazyka u slushatelej professional'nogo obuchenija, prohodjashhih podgotovku v vysshih uchebnyh zavedenijah MVD Rossii // V knige: Modernizacija sistemy podgotovki po inostrannomu jazyku v obrazovatel'nyh organizacijah vysshego obrazovanija MVD Rossii Sbornik tezisov vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Sankt-Peterburgskij universitet MVD Rossii; Pod redakciej N. Belomytcevoj; sost.: Belomytceva N. A., Rjabchenko N.
«He who owns the information, owns the world» – a famous quote by Mayer Amschel Rothschild. However, the needs of the modern world allow us to transform this expression into the following: «He who owns knowledge, owns the world». In this regard, financing science as a leading industry is important as a priority at the macro level.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the value of obtaining a grant for the researcher and evaluation of the effectiveness of grant funding for scientific researchers. For centuries, mankind has tried to solve the problem of ensuring the high quality of students' knowledge. The formation of solid knowledge and skills in the practice of learning is achieved through the cumulative use of didactic principles developed by the theory of learning.
These include the principles of science, consciousness and activity, the connection of theory with practice, systematic and consistent learning, and visibility. Without diminishing the significance of all the listed principles, in this article we want to focus on the problem associated with the application of the visibility of the process of professional training (training) of police officers. The leading role in learning has always belonged to the word, but the centuries-old experience has shown that the word, supported by clarity, is more likely to achieve the goals of learning.
A well-known saying says: 'It is better to see once than hear a hundred times.' The reinforcement of. Educational material by sensory perception allows for a more complete and comprehensive study of the subject. At the same time, inept, ill-conceived use of visual means and methods is more likely to cause harm than to the benefit of the training. Overloading the learning process with visibility distracts students (listeners) from the main goal of the lesson. There are also a number of objective and subjective difficulties that determine their place of clarity in the educational process, which is the subject of this article.
The relevance of monitoring the socio-economic development of the region gives the fact that the interest in it from the state, society and science at the present stage increases, as the monitoring data allows you to analyze the past, describe the present and predict the future. The author notes that the full implementation of the monitoring of socio-economic development of the region opens wide opportunities for researchers to solve analytical problems. In the article, to find the most appropriate for the study method of assessment of socio-economic development of the region in the framework of the monitoring, the aims and methods of monitoring of socio-economic development of the region are considered. The article deals with the general issues of the development of innovative economy in the field of environmental safety, considered the priority Federal national project 'Ecology', indicates the amount of funding for the project, also presents the definition of ecodevelopment, in relation to the construction and housing and communal industry. The statistics of development of the region with high rates of construction of residential real estate is reflected, the analysis of prospects of development of outdated housing stock in the Russian Federation is carried out, questions of ecoinnovations, 'Green economy', 'green investments' and 'net investments' are presented. The Introduction of Western sanctions and counter-measures have affected all spheres of the Russian economy. But no wonder the two-headed eagle on the Russian emblem looks both ways.
That is why so much attention has been paid to the development of the Far East and relations with our Asian neighbors. Much attention is paid to China. The time has come to strengthen and develop our economic and strategic Union and improve our investment and political cooperation. A lot has been done in this direction but the potential of our cooperation with China is really huge. Much work remains to be done to modernize and improve our economy, and sanctions are the.
Corporations wholly or partly owned by the state occupy an important place in the economy of the state. Particular importance is given to the organization of financial control of these structures.
The article deals with the main elements of financial control, the principles of formation of the system of financial control of state corporations, summarizes the problems of formation of the system of financial control of state corporations and measures aimed at improving the organization of financial control of corporations. The development of the real estate market occurs in cycles, the decline in the real estate market predetermines the subsequent general economic downturn, the rise also occurs earlier than in other areas.
Significant impact on the development of the real estate market has the current demographic situation and trends in its changes. The developer is obliged to think about what kind of housing and who it will be in demand in a few years, in order to avoid being left with an unclaimed product that can not be sold. In this paper, attention is paid to changes in the demography of our country, as it is the change of generations of buyers in the near future will increasingly determine market trends.